{"id":3839,"date":"2021-06-09T19:31:33","date_gmt":"2021-06-09T23:31:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/?p=3839"},"modified":"2025-10-28T19:16:21","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T23:16:21","slug":"its-all-in-the-eyes-and-other-lies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/is\/its-all-in-the-eyes-and-other-lies\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201c\u00dea\u00f0 er allt \u00ed augunum\u201d og a\u00f0rar lygar: gagnr\u00fdni \u00e1 n\u00fat\u00edma tilfinningarranns\u00f3knir"},"content":{"rendered":"
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S\u00eds\u00edfuskennd veruleiki brosins<\/h2>

Sem f\u00f3rnarl\u00f6mb vestr\u00e6nna fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0la og kurteisrar j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0ni hefur f\u00e9lagslegt bros or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e6tlu\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1ttur \u00ed daglegum samskiptum okkar. Vi\u00f0 brosum til a\u00f0 segja j\u00e1; vi\u00f0 brosum til a\u00f0 segja nei. Vi\u00f0 brosum vi\u00f0 kve\u00f0ju, kve\u00f0justund, vinsamleg bei\u00f0ni og \u00feakkl\u00e6ti. Vi\u00f0 skola. Vi\u00f0 endurt\u00f6kum.<\/p>

\"S\u00eds\u00fdphus<\/p>

\u00deessar v\u00e6ntingar yfirgefa okkur ekki \u00feegar vi\u00f0 erum bak vi\u00f0 loku\u00f0um dyrum. \u00de\u00e6r n\u00e1 lengra en kurteisi augliti til auglitis og festast \u00ed netpers\u00f3nuleika okkar. Kyrrmyndir af andlitum okkar lei\u00f0a reglulega fyrstu hughrif hj\u00e1 jafningjum jafnt sem \u00f3kunnugum. Hvort sem um er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a vi\u00f0skiptalega afslappa\u00f0an brosblett fyrir LinkedIn, h\u00f3pmyndarbros fyrir Facebook e\u00f0a l\u00e9ttan krullu-brosauka fyrir Bumble \u2013 brosi\u00f0 \u00feitt er meti\u00f0, b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 netinu og utan netsins.<\/p>

Ekthugur vs. Skynjun<\/h2>

Vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 bros er svo mikilv\u00e6gur \u00fe\u00e1ttur \u00ed f\u00e9lagslegum samskiptum okkar, dugar ekki hva\u00f0a v\u00f6rukantlyftari sem er. Hvernig a\u00f0rir skynja ekta e\u00f0li okkar skiptir sk\u00f6pum. H\u00e6fileikinn til a\u00f0 meta tilfinningalega einl\u00e6gni er ekki einungis mikilv\u00e6gur fyrir f\u00e9lagslega tilveru heldur fyrir tilveru almennt. \u00de\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00ed flestum tilfellum skipti litlu m\u00e1li a\u00f0 rugla saman einl\u00e6gni og kurteisi, getur \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed sumum tilfellum komi\u00f0 okkur \u00ed l\u00edfsh\u00e6ttulegar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur.<\/p>

Margir \u00fe\u00e6ttir spila inn \u00ed hvernig vi\u00f0 metum ekta e\u00f0li bros, en hversu \u00e1rei\u00f0anlegir eru \u00feessir \u00fe\u00e6ttir?<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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A\u00f0 pr\u00f3fa \u00fea\u00f0<\/h2>

Fyrir nokkrum m\u00e1nu\u00f0um birti \u00e9g tv\u00e6r myndir af m\u00e9r brosandi \u2013 a\u00f0ra viljandi stillta og \u00e1n vi\u00f0brag\u00f0a og hina sj\u00e1lfsprottnu me\u00f0 vi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0um. \u00c9g spur\u00f0i fylgjendur \u00e1 \u00f6llum samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lum hvor brosi\u00f0 \u00feeir t\u00f6ldu vera hi\u00f0 ekta og hvor hi\u00f0 stillta.<\/p>

\u00c9g f\u00e9kk yfir 170 sv\u00f6r; 85% \u00feeirra voru r\u00f6ng.<\/strong><\/p>

Myndahvati \u00far f\u00e6rslunni sem s\u00fdnd er h\u00e9r a\u00f0 ne\u00f0an. Sj\u00e1 upprunalegu f\u00e6rsluna. h\u00e9r<\/a><\/span>.<\/p>

\"k\u00f6nnun
k\u00f6nnun um skynja\u00f0a og \u00f3synja\u00f0a bros \u2013 ekta \u2013 s\u00f6nn \u2013 \u00f3ekta<\/figcaption><\/figure>

\u00a0Svari\u00f0 kemur fram \u00ed lok f\u00e6rslunnar.<\/span><\/p>

Athugi\u00f0<\/span>: \u00de\u00f3 a\u00f0 90 sv\u00f6r hafi borist fr\u00e1 vettvangi \u00fear sem sv\u00f6r annarra kj\u00f3senda voru s\u00fdnileg, b\u00e1rust yfir 80 sv\u00f6r fr\u00e1 vettvangi \u00fear sem kj\u00f3sendur g\u00e1tu ekki s\u00e9\u00f0 fyrri sv\u00f6r. \u00d3h\u00e1\u00f0 vettvangi og s\u00fdnileika kj\u00f3senda,\u00a0\u00der\u00f3unin 85% h\u00e9lt \u00e1fram st\u00f6\u00f0ug.
<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Skilm\u00e1lar og skilgreiningar<\/strong><\/span><\/p>

Vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u201cekta\u201d m\u00e1 t\u00falka \u00e1 \u00fdmsa vegu er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 samr\u00e6ma skilgreiningu lesandans og \u00e1setning h\u00f6fundarins. \u00c9g skilgreini \u00fev\u00ed hugt\u00f6kin m\u00edn sem h\u00e9r segir:<\/span><\/p>

ekta \/ \u00f3stillt \/ upplifa\u00f0<\/span>Andlitsdr\u00e1tturinn var ekki me\u00f0vita\u00f0 \u00fevinga\u00f0ur. Dr\u00e1tturinn var sj\u00e1lfsprottin vi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0 vi\u00f0 innra e\u00f0a ytra \u00e1reiti. Ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an var metin af \u00feeim sem s\u00fdndi dr\u00e1ttinn (pers\u00f3nu sem upplif\u00f0i vi\u00f0brag\u00f0i\u00f0\/dr\u00e1ttinn) sem endurspeglun innri tilfinningalegrar reynslu hans.<\/span><\/p><\/div>

\u00f3ekta \/ tilb\u00fai\u00f0 \/ \u00f3tilfinninga\u00ferungi\u00f0<\/span>Andlitsdr\u00e1ttur var viljandi \u00fevinga\u00f0ur til a\u00f0 l\u00edkja eftir tilfinningalegu vi\u00f0brag\u00f0i og blekkja \u00e1horfendur. Innri tilfinningalegi \u00e1stand vi\u00f0komandi og ytri tj\u00e1ning voru \u00ed m\u00f3ts\u00f6gn. Vi\u00f0komandi taldi ekki a\u00f0 hin tilb\u00fana tj\u00e1ning endurspegla\u00f0i innri tilfinningalega upplifun \u00feeirra.<\/span><\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
bros<\/span>Andlitsdr\u00e1ttur (hvort sem hann er stilltur e\u00f0a \u00f3stilltur) sem einkennist af upplyftum hornum varirinnar. Venjulega myndast hann vi\u00f0 virkjun zygomaticus major-v\u00f6\u00f0vans. Hann getur fylgt \u00f6\u00f0rum andlitsv\u00f6\u00f0vum e\u00f0a ekki.<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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A\u00f0 skilja rugli\u00f0<\/h2>
Svo, hvernig ger\u00f0ist \u00feetta? Hvernig komust 85% kj\u00f3sendur a\u00f0 rangri ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0u?<\/strong><\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>

Markmi\u00f0 \u00feessarar pr\u00f3funar var a\u00f0 s\u00fdna fallanleika forsendna okkar um andlitsdr\u00e6tti tilfinninga \u2013 og \u00fea\u00f0 ger\u00f0i einmitt \u00fea\u00f0. Hef\u00f0i \u00e9g nota\u00f0 myndskei\u00f0 \u00ed sta\u00f0 lj\u00f3smynda, er \u00e9g viss um a\u00f0 \u00e1horfendurnir hef\u00f0u sta\u00f0i\u00f0 sig mun betur; \u00fe\u00f3 er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 taka fram a\u00f0 Kyrrmyndir \u00fej\u00f3na enn sem sto\u00f0kerfi fyrir \u00f3gnv\u00e6nlegan hluta tilfinninga\u00adranns\u00f3kna og t\u00e6kni.<\/strong>. Tilfinningar eru fullar af fl\u00e6kjustigi og bl\u00e6brig\u00f0um sem, jafnvel Me\u00f0 myndbandsuppt\u00f6kum og hreyfingu eigum vi\u00f0 erfitt me\u00f0 a\u00f0 skilja til hl\u00edtar.<\/span><\/p><\/div>

Tilfinningar og andlitsdr\u00e6ttir<\/h2>
Ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 tilfinningum sem mi\u00f0a a\u00f0 andlitssvipbrig\u00f0um hafa sta\u00f0i\u00f0 yfir \u00ed \u00e1ratugi \u2013 jafnvel aldir, ef liti\u00f0 er til fyrstu frumkv\u00f6\u00f0la eins og Charles Darwin. \u00d3h\u00e1\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hvar \u00e1 t\u00edmal\u00ednunni \u00fe\u00fa byrjar, byggir meginskilningur okkar \u00e1 tengslum andlits og tilfinninga a\u00f0 mestu leyti \u00e1 s\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0ingnum og f\u00f6\u00f0ur Facial Action Coding System, Paul Ekman.<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
\u00de\u00f3 a\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knir og rit Ekman hafi innbl\u00e1si\u00f0 marga af okkur (mig me\u00f0t\u00f6ldum) \u2013 T\u00e6kni-, fr\u00e6\u00f0slu- og skemmtanai\u00f0na\u00f0urinn hefur or\u00f0i\u00f0 of h\u00e1\u00f0ur vinnu \u00feessa eins framlagshafa og fylgjenda hans.<\/b>. Yfirgn\u00e6fandi meirihluti fyrirt\u00e6kja sem \u00e9g hef unni\u00f0 hj\u00e1 e\u00f0a gert samninga vi\u00f0 hefur anna\u00f0hvort veri\u00f0 algj\u00f6rlega blindur \u00e1 og\/e\u00f0a \u00f3\u00e1huga\u00f0ur um a\u00f0rar hugsunarstefnur. \u00dear sem \u00e9g hef unni\u00f0 hj\u00e1 st\u00f3rt\u00e6knifyrirt\u00e6kjum og \u00e1hrifamiklum sprotafyrirt\u00e6kjum sem fylgjast me\u00f0 tilfinningum er \u00feetta \u00f3gnvekjandi.<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Me\u00f0 fram\u00fer\u00f3un rakningart\u00e6kni og vaxandi eftirspurn eftir rauns\u00e6i \u00ed stafr\u00e6num listum er l\u00f6ngu kominn t\u00edmi til a\u00f0 \u00feessar greinar (og l\u00edklega margar a\u00f0rar) taki upp v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6kari n\u00e1lgun til a\u00f0 skilja tilfinningar og andlitsdr\u00e6tti.<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>

Taktu st\u00f3rar fullyr\u00f0ingar me\u00f0 fyrirvara<\/h2>

\"Emoji<\/p>

\u00de\u00f3 \u00e9g beri enn mikla vir\u00f0ingu fyrir verkum Ekman, hef \u00e9g l\u00edka l\u00e6rt a\u00f0 taka margar fullyr\u00f0ingar um \u201csanna\u201d tilfinningar me\u00f0 fyrirvara. Eins og me\u00f0 margar st\u00f3rar spurningar \u00ed v\u00edsindum \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0 fer eftir a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um.<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Vi\u00f0 \u00feurfum a\u00f0 halda \u00e1fram \u00ed t\u00edmann me\u00f0 n\u00fdjum ranns\u00f3knum og hefja a\u00f0 sam\u00fe\u00e6tta fleiri kenningar, n\u00e1lganir og gagnr\u00fdni \u00far \u00f6\u00f0rum heimildum \u00ed v\u00f6rur okkar og vinnubr\u00f6g\u00f0<\/strong>. Vi\u00f0 \u00feurfum a\u00f0 h\u00e6tta a\u00f0 kynna tilfinningarranns\u00f3knir Ekman sem \u00f3umdeilanlega sannleik og byrja a\u00f0 s\u00e6kja \u00ed a\u00f0rar heimildir.<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Verk Ekman var byltingarkennt \u00e1 s\u00ednum t\u00edma og er enn \u00f3tr\u00falega gagnlegt; \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00f3 \u00farelt, \u00f3fullkomi\u00f0 og tali\u00f0 af fj\u00f6ldi lei\u00f0toga<\/a><\/span> \u00cd n\u00fat\u00edma tilfinningafr\u00e6\u00f0iranns\u00f3knum er \u00feetta mj\u00f6g h\u00e1\u00f0 hlutdr\u00e6gni. J\u00e1, \u00fea\u00f0 er vissulega gaman a\u00f0 tr\u00faa \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 getum \u00e1rei\u00f0anlega greint ekta tilfinningar me\u00f0 reglum eins og: \u201caugnkr\u00f6mpur \u00ed brosi gerir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 sannri birtingu gle\u00f0i\u201d e\u00f0a \u201cekta tj\u00e1ningar eru jafnari\u201d, en \u00fea\u00f0 er einfaldlega ekki svo einfalt.<\/div>

Kringl\u00f3tt augnv\u00f6\u00f0vinn lygur<\/h2>
\u00cd Ekman og meginstraumshugmyndum er sagt a\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 bros s\u00e9 einl\u00e6gt og j\u00e1kv\u00e6tt \u00ed \u00e1hrifum ver\u00f0i a\u00f0 samdraga hringv\u00f6\u00f0vann \u00ed augnkringlunni (orbicularis oculi) \u00e1samt st\u00f3ru kinnarv\u00f6\u00f0vanum (zygomaticus major), sem venjulega er nota\u00f0ur til a\u00f0 brosa me\u00f0 munni. Sl\u00edk auga- og munnsamsett bros eru k\u00f6llu\u00f0 \u201cDuchenne brosir.<\/a><\/span>\u201c<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Vegna vins\u00e6lda Duchenne-brosins eiga \u00e1kve\u00f0in hugt\u00f6k \u00fea\u00f0 til a\u00f0 vera endurtekin \u00ed poppk\u00falt\u00far og \u00ed heimi tilfinninga og \u00f3or\u00f0r\u00e6nnar heg\u00f0unar:

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