{"id":1736,"date":"2020-02-20T13:08:39","date_gmt":"2020-02-20T21:08:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/?page_id=1736"},"modified":"2026-11-02T14:10:51","modified_gmt":"2026-11-02T19:10:51","slug":"facs-cheat-sheet","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/de_de\/facs-cheat-sheet\/","title":{"rendered":"Facial Action Coding System (FACS) - Spickzettel"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf ftf-cs\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<style>\n\/* FACS Cheat Sheet. Everything is scoped to .ftf-cs; fonts, colors, and buttons come from the site styles. *\/\n.ftf-cs { background: var(--ftf-l1); padding: clamp(32px, 5vw, 56px) 0 96px; }\n.ftf-cs p:empty { display: none; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-wrap { max-width: 1240px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 32px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-eyebrow { font-size: 13px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #3B3B8F; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-intro { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.55; max-width: 760px; }\n\n\/* Header *\/\n.ftf-cs-hero { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 12px; max-width: 860px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(44px, 6vw, 64px); line-height: 1; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-lede { font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--ftf-ink); }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-sub { font-size: 16px; color: #3B3B8F; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-meta { font-size: 14px; color: #3B3B8F; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-meta a { font-weight: 700; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-meta span { margin: 0 6px; }\n\n\/* Region chips, sticky while scrolling *\/\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-jump { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 20; background: var(--ftf-l1); padding: 12px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ftf-l3); display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-jump a.ftf-cs-jumpchip { flex: none; text-decoration: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.2; padding: 7px 14px; border-radius: 999px; background: var(--ftf-l2); border: 1.5px solid var(--ftf-l3); color: var(--ftf-navy); }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-jump a.ftf-cs-jumpchip:hover { background: var(--ftf-l3); }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-jump a.ftf-cs-jumpchip--all { background: #FFFFFF; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-notfacs { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.55; max-width: 860px; background: #FFFFFF; border: 2px solid var(--ftf-l3); border-radius: 14px; padding: 12px 16px; }\n\n\/* Sections *\/\n.ftf-cs-section { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 16px; scroll-margin-top: 72px; padding-top: 24px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-section > h2, .ftf-cs .ftf-cs-region-title { font-size: clamp(30px, 3.4vw, 38px); }\n\n\/* At a glance table *\/\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-table { margin: 0; background: #FFFFFF; border: 2px solid var(--ftf-l3); border-radius: 18px; overflow-x: auto; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-table table { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 14.5px; line-height: 1.35; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-table th { background: var(--ftf-navy); color: #FFFFFF; text-align: left; font-weight: 700; padding: 10px 12px; border: 0; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-table td { padding: 7px 12px; border: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--ftf-l2); color: #3B3B8F; vertical-align: top; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-table tbody tr:nth-child(even) td { background: var(--ftf-l1); }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-table td:first-child { font-family: var(--ftf-display); font-size: 16px; color: var(--ftf-navy); white-space: nowrap; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-table td:nth-child(2) { font-weight: 600; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-table td:nth-child(4) { white-space: nowrap; }\n@media (max-width: 700px) { .ftf-cs .ftf-cs-table th:nth-child(4), .ftf-cs .ftf-cs-table td:nth-child(4) { display: none; } }\n\n\/* Cards: four across on desktop *\/\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 16px; align-items: start; grid-auto-flow: row dense; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-card { background: #FFFFFF; border: 2px solid var(--ftf-l3); border-radius: 18px; padding: 12px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 9px; min-width: 0; scroll-margin-top: 72px; transition: border-color .15s ease, box-shadow .15s ease; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-card:target { border-color: var(--ftf-navy); box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 var(--ftf-l4); }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-card--wide { grid-column: span 2; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-media { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 8px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-media--multi { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-card--3 .ftf-cs-media--multi { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-media figure { margin: 0; }\n\/* Every reference sits in the same frame shape, shown whole (never cropped) *\/\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-media img { width: 100%; height: auto; aspect-ratio: 10 \/ 7; object-fit: contain; background: var(--ftf-l2); border-radius: 12px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-media figcaption { margin: 6px 0 0; font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.35; color: #3B3B8F; text-align: left; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-media figcaption strong { color: var(--ftf-navy); }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-title { font-size: 19px; line-height: 1.2; font-family: var(--ftf-sans); font-weight: 700; color: var(--ftf-ink); padding-top: 4px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-code { font-family: var(--ftf-display); font-weight: 400; font-size: 24px; color: var(--ftf-navy); margin-right: 4px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-alt { font-weight: 600; font-size: 14px; color: #3B3B8F; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-tag { align-self: flex-start; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; padding: 3px 9px; border-radius: 999px; background: var(--ftf-lime); color: var(--ftf-navy); border: 1.5px solid var(--ftf-navy); line-height: 1.3; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-tag--sm { display: inline-block; margin-left: 6px; font-size: 11px; padding: 1px 7px; vertical-align: 1px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-musc { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.4; color: #3B3B8F; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-action { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5; color: var(--ftf-ink); }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-action > strong:first-child { color: var(--ftf-navy); }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-notes { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.55; background: var(--ftf-l1); border-radius: 10px; padding: 10px 12px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 8px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-notes p { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.55; }\n.ftf-cs details.ftf-cs-notes summary { cursor: pointer; font-weight: 700; color: var(--ftf-navy); }\n.ftf-cs details.ftf-cs-notes[open] summary { margin-bottom: 4px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-links a.ftf-cs-chip { display: inline-flex; padding: 4px 10px; border-radius: 999px; border: 1.5px solid var(--ftf-l4); background: #FFFFFF; font-size: 12.5px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.35; color: var(--ftf-navy); text-decoration: none; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-links a.ftf-cs-chip:hover { background: var(--ftf-lime); }\n\n@media (max-width: 1099px) { .ftf-cs .ftf-cs-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); } }\n@media (max-width: 819px) { .ftf-cs .ftf-cs-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); } }\n@media (max-width: 559px) {\n  .ftf-cs .ftf-cs-grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }\n  .ftf-cs .ftf-cs-card--wide { grid-column: auto; }\n  .ftf-cs .ftf-cs-jump { flex-wrap: nowrap; overflow-x: auto; scrollbar-width: none; }\n}\n\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-diagram { margin: 0; max-width: 420px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-diagram img { width: 100%; height: auto; border-radius: 16px; border: 2px solid var(--ftf-l3); background: #FFFFFF; }\n\/* Course *\/\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-learn { gap: 14px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-course { max-width: 860px; background: var(--ftf-navy); border-radius: 20px; padding: clamp(20px, 3vw, 28px); display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; box-shadow: 6px 6px 0 var(--ftf-l4); }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-course .ftf-cs-course__kicker { font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ftf-lime); }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-course h3 { font-size: 30px; color: var(--ftf-lime); }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-course .ftf-cs-course__text { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.55; color: var(--ftf-l1); max-width: 640px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-course .wp-block-buttons { padding-top: 6px; }\n\n\/* More references *\/\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-refs { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(210px, 1fr)); gap: 14px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-ref { background: #FFFFFF; border: 2px solid var(--ftf-l3); border-radius: 16px; padding: 14px 16px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 6px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-ref__title { font-family: var(--ftf-display); font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.15; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-ref__title a { text-decoration: none; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-ref__title a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-ref__text { font-size: 14.5px; line-height: 1.5; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-ref__tag { margin-top: auto; padding-top: 4px; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #3B3B8F; }\n\n\/* Cite *\/\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-cite { max-width: 860px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-citebox { background: #FFFFFF; border: 2px solid var(--ftf-l3); border-radius: 18px; padding: 18px 20px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 8px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-citelabel { font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: #3B3B8F; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-citetext { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.55; overflow-wrap: anywhere; margin-bottom: 6px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-bib { margin: 0 0 6px; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.5; background: var(--ftf-l1); border-radius: 10px; padding: 12px 14px; overflow-x: auto; white-space: pre; color: var(--ftf-ink); font-family: ui-monospace, Menlo, Consolas, monospace; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-citebtns { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-copy { font: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700; padding: 6px 14px; border-radius: 999px; border: 2px solid var(--ftf-navy); background: #FFFFFF; color: var(--ftf-navy); cursor: pointer; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-copy:hover { background: var(--ftf-lime); }\n\n\/* References *\/\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-sources { max-width: 860px; gap: 10px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-sources h3 { font-size: 22px; }\n.ftf-cs .ftf-cs-sources ol { margin: 0; padding-left: 22px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 6px; font-size: 14.5px; line-height: 1.5; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }\n\n<\/style>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@type\": \"LearningResource\",\n  \"@id\": \"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-cheat-sheet\/#learningresource\",\n  \"url\": \"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-cheat-sheet\/\",\n  \"name\": \"FACS Cheat Sheet\",\n  \"alternativeHeadline\": \"Facial Action Coding System Visual Reference\",\n  \"description\": \"Comprehensive visual reference guide to the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) with action unit examples, facial muscle anatomy, and animation-focused breakdowns for artists and researchers.\",\n  \"datePublished\": \"2020-02-20T08:00:00+00:00\",\n  \"dateModified\": \"2026-11-02T12:00:00-06:00\",\n  \"author\": {\n    \"@type\": \"Person\",\n    \"@id\": \"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/#\/schema\/person\/81c6262e1bfca3c71960db5aee204e3f\"\n  },\n  \"isAccessibleForFree\": true,\n  \"learningResourceType\": [\n    \"Reference Guide\",\n    \"Visual Atlas\",\n    \"Educational Resource\"\n  ],\n  \"educationalLevel\": \"Intermediate to Advanced\",\n  \"educationalUse\": [\n    \"Reference\",\n    \"Study Guide\",\n    \"Professional Development\"\n  ],\n  \"audience\": {\n    \"@type\": \"EducationalAudience\",\n    \"educationalRole\": [\n      \"Professional\",\n      \"Student\"\n    ],\n    \"audienceType\": [\n      \"Facial Animators\",\n      \"Character Artists\",\n      \"Expression Researchers\",\n      \"Rigging Artists\",\n      \"Performance Capture Specialists\"\n    ]\n  },\n  \"teaches\": [\n    \"Facial Action Coding System (FACS)\",\n    \"Action Units (AUs)\",\n    \"Facial Muscle Anatomy\",\n    \"Facial Expression Analysis\",\n    \"FACS for Animation\",\n    \"FACS for Character Performance\"\n  ],\n  \"about\": [\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n      \"name\": \"Facial Action Coding System\",\n      \"sameAs\": \"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q1391629\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Thing\",\n      \"name\": \"Facial Anatomy\"\n    }\n  ],\n  \"keywords\": [\n    \"FACS\",\n    \"Facial Action Coding System\",\n    \"Action Units\",\n    \"AU Reference\",\n    \"Facial Animation\",\n    \"Facial Muscles\",\n    \"Expression Reference\",\n    \"FACS Guide\",\n    \"Animation Reference\"\n  ],\n  \"inLanguage\": \"en-US\",\n  \"mentions\": [\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"LearningResource\",\n      \"name\": \"FACS Photo References\",\n      \"url\": \"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-lite-still-fast\/\"\n    },\n    {\n      \"@type\": \"Course\",\n      \"name\": \"FACS Cram Session\",\n      \"url\": \"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/services\/lectures-training\/facs-cram-session\/\",\n      \"description\": \"A training session on FACS, facial anatomy, and action units for animation and related fields.\"\n    }\n  ]\n}\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-wrap ftf-cs-wrap\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-hero\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-eyebrow wp-block-paragraph\">Free reference<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 id=\"h-facs-cheat-sheet\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">FACS Cheat Sheet<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-lede wp-block-paragraph\">A visual guide to the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) and beyond: every action unit (AU) with a reference GIF, the muscles involved, and notes, plus actions FACS leaves out (marked #notFACS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-sub wp-block-paragraph\">All actions are performed by the author, FACS-certified with 14 years of experience in facial muscle isolation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-meta wp-block-paragraph\">By <a href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/who-is-melinda-ozel\/\">Melinda Ozel<\/a> <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span> Updated November 2026 <span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00b7<\/span> <a href=\"#cite\">How to cite<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<nav class=\"ftf-cs-jump\" aria-label=\"Jump to a region\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-jumpchip\" href=\"#brows\">Brows &amp; forehead<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-jumpchip\" href=\"#eyes\">Eyes &amp; cheeks<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-jumpchip\" href=\"#nose\">Nose &amp; mid-face<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-jumpchip\" href=\"#corners\">Lip corners<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-jumpchip\" href=\"#chin\">Lower lip &amp; chin<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-jumpchip\" href=\"#lips\">Lips<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-jumpchip\" href=\"#jaw\">Jaw<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-jumpchip\" href=\"#misc\">Misc<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-jumpchip\" href=\"#descriptors\">Action descriptors<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-jumpchip ftf-cs-jumpchip--all\" href=\"#glance\">All actions<\/a><\/nav>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-notfacs wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>#notFACS<\/strong> marks actions I have identified and named that do not exist in FACS. FACS was built to identify facial behavior, so it lacks documentation for some finer movements. To fill the gaps, I define my own: lip cincher (vertical lip tightener), y-axis and z-axis dimpler, open-eyed blink, and more. These distinctions are especially useful for lipsync technology and photoreal characters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"glance\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-section ftf-cs-glance\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"h-all-actions-at-a-glance\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">All actions at a glance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-intro wp-block-paragraph\">All 43 actions in one table, in numerical order, with #notFACS actions at the end. Select an action to jump to its entry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table ftf-cs-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Code<\/th><th>Action<\/th><th>Muscle(s)<\/th><th>Region<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>AU1<\/td><td><a href=\"#au1\">inner brow raiser<\/a><\/td><td>frontalis, medial<\/td><td>Brows &amp; forehead<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU2<\/td><td><a href=\"#au2\">outer brow raiser<\/a><\/td><td>frontalis, lateral<\/td><td>Brows &amp; forehead<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU4<\/td><td><a href=\"#au4\">brow lowerer<\/a><\/td><td>corrugator supercilii, depressor supercilii, and\/or procerus<\/td><td>Brows &amp; forehead<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU5<\/td><td><a href=\"#au5\">upper lid raiser<\/a><\/td><td>levator palpebrae superioris (LPS)<\/td><td>Eyes &amp; cheeks<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU6<\/td><td><a href=\"#au6\">cheek raiser<\/a><\/td><td>orbicularis oculi, orbital<\/td><td>Eyes &amp; cheeks<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU7<\/td><td><a href=\"#au7\">lid tightener<\/a><\/td><td>orbicularis oculi, preseptal palpebral<\/td><td>Eyes &amp; cheeks<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU8<\/td><td><a href=\"#au8\">lips toward each other<\/a><\/td><td>orbicularis oris<\/td><td>Lips<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU9<\/td><td><a href=\"#au9\">nose wrinkler<\/a><\/td><td>levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (LLSAN)<\/td><td>Nose &amp; mid-face<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU10<\/td><td><a href=\"#au10\">upper lip raiser<\/a><\/td><td>levator labii superioris (LLS)<\/td><td>Nose &amp; mid-face<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU11<\/td><td><a href=\"#au11\">nasolabial furrow deepener<\/a><\/td><td>zygomaticus minor<\/td><td>Nose &amp; mid-face<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU12<\/td><td><a href=\"#au12\">lip corner puller<\/a><\/td><td>zygomaticus major<\/td><td>Lip corners<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU13<\/td><td><a href=\"#au13\">sharp lip puller<\/a><\/td><td>levator anguli oris (LAO)<\/td><td>Lip corners<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU14<\/td><td><a href=\"#au14\">dimpler<\/a> <span class=\"ftf-cs-tag ftf-cs-tag--sm\">partially #notFACS<\/span><\/td><td>buccinator<\/td><td>Lip corners<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU15<\/td><td><a href=\"#au15\">lip corner depressor<\/a><\/td><td>depressor anguli oris (DAO)<\/td><td>Lip corners<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU16<\/td><td><a href=\"#au16\">lower lip depressor<\/a><\/td><td>depressor labii inferioris (DLI)<\/td><td>Lower lip &amp; chin<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU17<\/td><td><a href=\"#au17\">chin raiser<\/a><\/td><td>mentalis<\/td><td>Lower lip &amp; chin<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU18<\/td><td><a href=\"#au18\">lip pucker<\/a><\/td><td>incisivus labii inferioris &amp; incisivus labii superioris<\/td><td>Lip corners<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AD19<\/td><td><a href=\"#ad19\">tongue show<\/a><\/td><td>it depends<\/td><td>Action descriptors<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU20<\/td><td><a href=\"#au20\">lip stretcher<\/a><\/td><td>risorius<\/td><td>Lip corners<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU21<\/td><td><a href=\"#au21\">neck tightener<\/a><\/td><td>platysma<\/td><td>Misc<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU22<\/td><td><a href=\"#au22\">lip funneler<\/a><\/td><td>orbicularis oris, peripheral<\/td><td>Lips<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU23<\/td><td><a href=\"#au23\">lip tightener<\/a><\/td><td>orbicularis oris, marginal<\/td><td>Lips<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU24<\/td><td><a href=\"#au24\">lip presser<\/a><\/td><td>orbicularis oris, marginal<\/td><td>Lips<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU25<\/td><td><a href=\"#au25\">lips part<\/a><\/td><td>it depends<\/td><td>Misc<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU26<\/td><td><a href=\"#au26\">jaw drop<\/a><\/td><td>relaxation of masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid<\/td><td>Jaw<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU27<\/td><td><a href=\"#au27\">mouth stretch<\/a><\/td><td>lateral pterygoid + suprahyoids<\/td><td>Jaw<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU28<\/td><td><a href=\"#au28\">lips suck<\/a><\/td><td>orbicularis oris, marginal + peripheral<\/td><td>Lips<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AD29<\/td><td><a href=\"#ad29\">jaw thrust<\/a><\/td><td>medial &amp; lateral pterygoid, some masseter<\/td><td>Jaw<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AD30<\/td><td><a href=\"#ad30\">jaw sideways<\/a><\/td><td>medial &amp; lateral pterygoid, temporalis<\/td><td>Jaw<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU31<\/td><td><a href=\"#au31\">jaw clencher<\/a><\/td><td>temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid<\/td><td>Jaw<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AD32<\/td><td><a href=\"#ad32\">bite<\/a><\/td><td>it depends<\/td><td>Action descriptors<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AD33<\/td><td><a href=\"#ad33\">blow<\/a><\/td><td>it depends<\/td><td>Action descriptors<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AD34<\/td><td><a href=\"#ad34\">puff<\/a><\/td><td>it depends<\/td><td>Action descriptors<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AD35<\/td><td><a href=\"#ad35\">suck<\/a><\/td><td>it depends<\/td><td>Action descriptors<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AD36<\/td><td><a href=\"#ad36\">bulge<\/a><\/td><td>it depends<\/td><td>Action descriptors<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AD37<\/td><td><a href=\"#ad37\">lip wipe<\/a><\/td><td>it depends<\/td><td>Action descriptors<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU38<\/td><td><a href=\"#au38\">nostril dilator<\/a><\/td><td>dilator naris (alar nasalis)<\/td><td>Nose &amp; mid-face<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU39<\/td><td><a href=\"#au39\">nostril compressor<\/a><\/td><td>compressor naris (transverse nasalis) + depressor septi<\/td><td>Nose &amp; mid-face<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU45<\/td><td><a href=\"#au45\">blink<\/a><\/td><td>orbicularis oculi, palpebral + relaxation of LPS<\/td><td>Eyes &amp; cheeks<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AU46<\/td><td><a href=\"#au46\">wink<\/a><\/td><td>orbicularis oculi<\/td><td>Eyes &amp; cheeks<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><a href=\"#ears-up-back\">ears up &amp; back<\/a> <span class=\"ftf-cs-tag ftf-cs-tag--sm\">#notFACS<\/span><\/td><td>auricular muscles<\/td><td>Brows &amp; forehead<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><a href=\"#open-eyed-blink\">open-eyed blink<\/a> <span class=\"ftf-cs-tag ftf-cs-tag--sm\">#notFACS<\/span><\/td><td>orbicularis oculi, pretarsal palpebral<\/td><td>Eyes &amp; cheeks<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><a href=\"#lip-cincher\">lip cincher<\/a> <span class=\"ftf-cs-tag ftf-cs-tag--sm\">#notFACS<\/span><\/td><td>orbicularis oris, marginal<\/td><td>Lips<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"brows\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-section ftf-cs-region\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"h-brows-amp-forehead\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-region-title\">Brows &amp; forehead<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-grid\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<article id=\"au1\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"787\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/AU1-inner-brow-raiser-FACS.webp?resize=1200%2C787&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU1 inner brow raiser: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-15218\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au1-inner-brow-raiser\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU1<\/span> inner brow raiser<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/frontalis-variation\/\">frontalis muscle<\/a> (medial part)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Inner brow raiser<\/em> lifts the medial brow and forehead area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> Inner brow raiser is variable in wrinkle formation and range. This variability is due to a number of factors, a prominent factor being <a href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/frontalis-variation\/\">frontalis muscle variability<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/inner-brow-raiser-deep-dive\/\">Inner Brow Raiser Deep Dive \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/the-secret-life-of-inner-brow-raiser\/\">The Secret Life of Inner Brow Raiser \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au1\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au2\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"787\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/FACS-AU2-outer-brow-raiser.webp?resize=1200%2C787&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU2 outer brow raiser: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-15217\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au2-outer-brow-raiser\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU2<\/span> outer brow raiser<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/frontalis-variation\/\">frontalis muscle<\/a> (lateral part)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Outer brow raiser<\/em> lifts the lateral brow and forehead areas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> As with inner brow raiser, outer brow raiser is variable in wrinkle formation and range. This variability is due to a number of factors, a prominent factor being <a href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/frontalis-variation\/\">frontalis muscle variability<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/frontalis-variation\/\">Frontalis Variation \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au2\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au4\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU4-brow-lowerer-Facial-Action-Coding-System-FACS.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU4 brow lowerer: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7945\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au4-brow-lowerer\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU4<\/span> brow lowerer<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">corrugator supercilii, depressor supercilii, and\/or procerus muscles<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Brow lowerer<\/em> knits (corrugator supercilii) and lowers (procerus, depressor supercilii, and parts of corrugator supercilii) the brow area and lower central forehead.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> Brow lowerer can be performed by any or all of the muscles listed above. Though FACS lumps together the actions of all three muscles, <a href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/services\/lectures-training\/\">when I teach facial anatomy and FACS<\/a>, I separate out the movements.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au4\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"ears-up-back\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"787\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ears-moving-up-back.webp?resize=1200%2C787&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"ears up &amp; back (#notFACS): facial movement reference\" class=\"wp-image-15222\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-ears-up-amp-back\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\">ears up &amp; back<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-tag wp-block-paragraph\">#notFACS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">auricular muscles (see notes)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Ears up &amp; back<\/em> lifts the ears and pushes them back.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note 1:<\/strong> This is not a FACS action. I include this ear movement in the <em>FACS Cheat Sheet<\/em> because I see it happen relatively often.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note 2:<\/strong> There are multiple auricular muscles. The superior auricular moves the ears up. The posterior auricular moves the ears back. The anterior auricular moves the ears forward. At present, I cannot separate these movements. The reference here shows posterior auricular + superior auricular movement.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#ears-up-back\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"eyes\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-section ftf-cs-region\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"h-eyes-amp-cheeks\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-region-title\">Eyes &amp; cheeks<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-grid\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<article id=\"au5\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"180\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU5-upper-lid-raiser-FACS.gif?resize=300%2C180&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU5 upper lid raiser: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7667\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au5-upper-lid-raiser\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU5<\/span> upper lid raiser<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">levator palpebrae superioris muscle (LPS)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Upper lid raiser<\/em> pulls the top eyelid up and back to widen the eyes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/all-about-upper-lid-raiser-au5\/\">All About Upper Lid Raiser (members) \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/all-about-upper-lid-raiser-preview\/\">All About Upper Lid Raiser: preview (free) \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/stylized-facial-expression-design\/\">Stylized Facial Expression Design \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au5\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au6\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU6-cheek-raiser-FACS.gif?resize=300%2C168&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU6 cheek raiser: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7666\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au6-cheek-raiser\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU6<\/span> cheek raiser<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">orbicularis oculi muscle, orbital part<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Cheek raiser<\/em> tightens the outer rings of the eye orbit and squeezes the lateral eye corners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/cheek-raiser-vs-lid-tightener\/\">Cheek Raiser vs. Lid Tightener \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au6\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au7\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"180\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU7-lid-tightener-FACS.gif?resize=300%2C180&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU7 lid tightener: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7680\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au7-lid-tightener\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU7<\/span> lid tightener<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">orbicularis oculi muscle, preseptal part of the palpebral area<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Lid tightener<\/em> tightens the rings around the eyelids and pushes the lower eyelid skin toward the inner eye corners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/cheek-raiser-vs-lid-tightener\/\">Cheek Raiser vs. Lid Tightener \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au7\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"open-eyed-blink\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/pretarsal-orbicularis-oculi.gif?resize=800%2C560&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"open-eyed blink (#notFACS): facial movement reference\" class=\"wp-image-8855\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-open-eyed-blink\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\">open-eyed blink<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-tag wp-block-paragraph\">#notFACS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">orbicularis oculi muscle, pretarsal part of the palpebral area<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Open-eyed blink<\/em> tightens the innermost rings around the eyelids in a circular motion toward the inner eye corners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> The pretarsal area is the portion of the orbicularis oculi muscle involved in blinking.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/MelindaOzel\/status\/1572634393319030784\">More pretarsal breakdowns \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#open-eyed-blink\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au45\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"520\" height=\"390\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/blinking_cheat_sheet.gif?resize=520%2C390&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU45 blink: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-5368\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au45-blink\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU45<\/span> blink<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">orbicularis oculi, palpebral part + relaxation of levator palpebrae superioris<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Blink<\/em> closes and opens the eyes in a swift, fluid manner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> Beyond pretarsal activation, <em>blink<\/em> also often consists of (1) relaxation of levator palpebrae superioris and\/or (2) forced closure from the preseptal portion of orbicularis oculi.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au45\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au46\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"563\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/wink_.gif?resize=563%2C422&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU46 wink: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-5370\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au46-wink\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU46<\/span> wink<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">orbicularis oculi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Wink<\/em> closes one eye, usually with some compression.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details ftf-cs-notes ftf-cs-notes--long is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>Read the full note<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> Unless you are a facial coder conducting behavioral research (and even then, the official FACS Manual lists AU46 wink as \u201coptional\u201d), the FACS shape for wink is not the most useful. I include it because other FACS lists include it; however, I find it to be a clunky, unnecessary addition to most shape sets. That being said, orbicularis oculi does deserve better functional breakdowns beyond cheek raiser, blink, and lid tightener, but wink is not the way to go.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au46\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"nose\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-section ftf-cs-region\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"h-nose-amp-mid-face\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-region-title\">Nose &amp; mid-face<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized ftf-cs-diagram\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1191\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/more_details_anatomy.png?resize=1200%2C1191&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Mid-face landmarks: nasolabial furrow and infraorbital triangle\" class=\"wp-image-3470\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.0075694444444445;width:463px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/more_details_anatomy.png?w=3053&amp;ssl=1 3053w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/more_details_anatomy.png?resize=300%2C298&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/more_details_anatomy.png?resize=1024%2C1016&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/more_details_anatomy.png?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/more_details_anatomy.png?resize=768%2C762&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/more_details_anatomy.png?resize=1536%2C1524&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/more_details_anatomy.png?resize=2048%2C2033&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/more_details_anatomy.png?resize=75%2C75&amp;ssl=1 75w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/more_details_anatomy.png?resize=1088%2C1080&amp;ssl=1 1088w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/more_details_anatomy.png?w=2400&amp;ssl=1 2400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-grid\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<article id=\"au9\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"239\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU9-nose-wrinkler-Facial-Action-Coding-System-FACS.gif?resize=300%2C239&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU9 nose wrinkler: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7905\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au9-nose-wrinkler\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU9<\/span> nose wrinkler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (usually co-activates with depressor supercilii and\/or procerus)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Nose wrinkler<\/em> lifts the sides of the nose, nostrils, and central upper lip area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> The brow lowering you see in <em>nose wrinkler<\/em> is not directly caused by the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (LLSAN) muscle. Rather, it is caused by the brow lowering muscles often paired with <em>nose wrinkler<\/em>: depressor supercilii and procerus. There is variable interconnectivity between these muscles and the LLSAN.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/breaking-down-nose-wrinkler\/\">Breaking Down Nose Wrinkler \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au9\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au10\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU10-upper-lip-raiser-Facial-Action-Coding-System-FACS.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU10 upper lip raiser: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7904\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au10-upper-lip-raiser\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU10<\/span> upper lip raiser<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">levator labii superioris (LLS)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Upper lip raiser<\/em> lifts the top lip in a manner more lateral than <a href=\"#au9\">nose wrinkler<\/a> but more medial than <a href=\"#au11\">nasolabial furrow deepener<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facial-actions-in-context\/\">Upper Lip Raiser vs. Nasolabial Furrow Deepener (members) \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/levator-labii-superioris-vs-zygomaticus-minor\/\">Preview (free) \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au10\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au11\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU11-nasolabial-furrow-deepener-Facial-Action-Coding-System-FACS.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU11 nasolabial furrow deepener: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7906\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au11-nasolabial-furrow-deepener\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU11<\/span> nasolabial furrow deepener<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">zygomaticus minor<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Nasolabial furrow deepener<\/em> lifts and stretches the top lip (in a more lateral and oblique manner than <a href=\"#au9\">nose wrinkler<\/a> or <a href=\"#au10\">upper lip raiser<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facial-actions-in-context\/\">Upper Lip Raiser vs. Nasolabial Furrow Deepener (members) \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/levator-labii-superioris-vs-zygomaticus-minor\/\">Preview (free) \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au11\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au38\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"589\" height=\"442\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/AU38_nostril_dilator.gif?resize=589%2C442&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU38 nostril dilator: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-5489\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au38-nostril-dilator\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU38<\/span> nostril dilator<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">dilator naris (alar portion of nasalis)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Nostril dilator<\/em> expands and widens the nostril wings, allowing for deeper air intake.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au38\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au39\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"771\" height=\"578\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/AU39_nostril_compressor.gif?resize=771%2C578&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU39 nostril compressor: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-5488\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au39-nostril-compressor\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU39<\/span> nostril compressor<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">compressor naris (transverse portion of nasalis) + depressor septi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Nostril compressor<\/em> narrows the nostril wings while also often lowering the nose tip.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au39\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"corners\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-section ftf-cs-region\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"h-lip-corners\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-region-title\">Lip corners<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-grid\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<article id=\"au12\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU12-lip-corner-puller-Facial-Action-Coding-System-FACS.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU12 lip corner puller: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7907\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au12-lip-corner-puller\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU12<\/span> lip corner puller<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">zygomaticus major<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Lip corner puller<\/em> draws the lip corners up, back, and laterally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/building-smiles-the-right-way\/\">Building Smiles the Right Way \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au12\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au13\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU13-sharp-lip-puller-Facial-Action-Coding-System-FACS.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU13 sharp lip puller: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7911\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au13-sharp-lip-puller\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU13<\/span> sharp lip puller<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">levator anguli oris<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Sharp lip puller<\/em> (formerly known as <em>cheek puffer<\/em>) draws the lip corners upward.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au13\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au14\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card ftf-cs-card--wide ftf-cs-card--3\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media ftf-cs-media--multi\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU14_y_axis-Facial-Action-Coding-System-FACS.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU14 dimpler y-axis typesuperior + inferior portions of buccinator: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7915\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>y-axis type<\/strong><br>superior + inferior portions of buccinator<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"931\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/dimper-z-action.gif?resize=1200%2C931&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU14 dimpler z-axis typeposterior portion of buccinator: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-10387\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>z-axis type<\/strong><br>posterior portion of buccinator<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU14-z-axis-dimpler-Facial-Action-Coding-System-FACS.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU14 dimpler y-axis + z-axis typeinferior + superior + posterior portions of buccinator: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7941\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>y-axis + z-axis type<\/strong><br>inferior + superior + posterior portions of buccinator<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au14-dimpler\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU14<\/span> dimpler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-tag wp-block-paragraph\">partially #notFACS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">buccinator muscle<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <strong>y-axis type:<\/strong> <em>Dimpler<\/em> pinches the lip corners against each other on a vertical plane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <strong>z-axis type:<\/strong> <em>Dimpler<\/em> draws the lip corners back against the teeth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> y-axis and z-axis dimplers are not FACS-official terms. Classic FACS describes <em>dimpler<\/em> as the y+z-axis combo type.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au14\">Why I coined the y and z distinctions (members) \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/shorts\/Y6Qf5vKT4NY\">Video reference: front, 3\/4, intraoral, and slow motion (free) \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au15\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU15-lip-corner-depressor-Facial-Action-Coding-System.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU15 lip corner depressor: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7937\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au15-lip-corner-depressor\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU15<\/span> lip corner depressor<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">depressor anguli oris (DAO)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Lip corner depressor<\/em> draws the lip corners downward.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au15\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au18\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU18-lip-pucker-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU18 lip pucker: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7829\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au18-lip-pucker\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU18<\/span> lip pucker<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">incisivus labii inferioris &amp; incisivus labii superioris<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Lip pucker<\/em> draws the lip corners medially, causing the fleshy part of the lips to collect toward the midline of the face and protrude.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note 1:<\/strong> Incisivus labii superioris and incisivus labii inferioris are considered accessory muscles to orbicularis oris.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note 2:<\/strong> <em>Lip pucker<\/em> commonly co-activates <em>lip cincher<\/em> (vertical lip tightener). This example features both <em>lip pucker<\/em> and <em>lip cincher<\/em>. See <a href=\"#lip-cincher\">lip cincher<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au18\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au20\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU20-lip-stretcher-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU20 lip stretcher: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7841\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au20-lip-stretcher\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU20<\/span> lip stretcher<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">risorius<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Lip stretcher<\/em> draws the lip corners laterally, stretching the fleshy part of the lips.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note 1:<\/strong> Not to be confused with <a href=\"#au27\">mouth stretch<\/a>, which refers to forced (not due to relaxation) jaw lowering.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note 2:<\/strong> Risorius is one of the most variable facial muscles in humans. Depending on the study, it has been reported missing in anywhere from 1 to 94% of research subjects. Risorius is narrow and difficult to locate, so this discrepancy may be partly inflated by methodological errors. <a href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/services\/lectures-training\/\">For more on anatomical variation, book a studio lecture on facial muscle diversity<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/leveraging-facial-muscle-variation\/\">Leveraging Facial Muscle Variation \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au20\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"chin\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-section ftf-cs-region\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"h-lower-lip-amp-chin\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-region-title\">Lower lip &amp; chin<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-grid\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<article id=\"au16\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU16-lower-lip-depressor-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU16 lower lip depressor: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7822\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au16-lower-lip-depressor\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU16<\/span> lower lip depressor<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">depressor labii inferioris (DLI)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Lower lip depressor<\/em> draws the lower lip downward and laterally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au16\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au17\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU17-chin-raiser-Facial-Action-Coding-System-FACS.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU17 chin raiser: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7919\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au17-chin-raiser\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU17<\/span> chin raiser<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">mentalis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Chin raiser<\/em> pulls up the lower lip and chin area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> The lower lip may protrude to a degree in some instances of <em>chin raiser<\/em>; however, if you see significant protrusion in a person attempting <em>chin raiser<\/em>, they are likely triggering non-target orbicularis oris actions as well.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/shorts\/DnlnSOTWecI\">Video reference: frontal, 3\/4, intraoral, and slow motion (free) \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au17\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"lips\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-section ftf-cs-region\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"h-lips\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-region-title\">Lips<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-intro wp-block-paragraph\">These actions all come from orbicularis oris, the muscle that rings the mouth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-grid\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<article id=\"au8\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"391\" height=\"293\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/au8_proper.gif?resize=391%2C293&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU8 lips toward each other: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-3739\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au8-lips-toward-each-other\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU8<\/span> lips toward each other<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">orbicularis oris<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Lips toward each other<\/em> brings the upper and lower lips toward each other by lowering the top lip and raising the bottom lip.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note 1:<\/strong> <em>Lips toward each other<\/em> brings the lips back together from actions that may separate them. In this reference, AU26 <em>jaw drop<\/em> separates the lips, and AU8 closes the lips while the jaw stays open.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note 2:<\/strong> In tools like ARKit and Android XR, AU8 is solely used to counteract the lip opening caused by AU26. On real faces, AU8 is not limited to counteracting jaw opening: it can counteract anything that separates the lips. For instance, if a strong AU9 causes the lips to part, AU8 can bring the lips together while retaining other aspects of AU9.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au22\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU22-lip-funneler-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU22 lip funneler: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7856\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au22-lip-funneler\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU22<\/span> lip funneler<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">orbicularis oris, peripheral part<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Lip funneler<\/em> projects the lips forward and fans them outward.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au22\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au23\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU23-lip-tightener-horizontal-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU23 lip tightener: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7858\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au23-lip-tightener\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU23<\/span> lip tightener<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">orbicularis oris, marginal part<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Lip tightener<\/em> thins the lips. Think of it as the top lip and the bottom lip each collapsing upon itself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> Not to be confused with <a href=\"#lip-cincher\">lip cincher<\/a>, which constricts the lips toward the midline of the face.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/lip-tightener\/\">Lip Tightener \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au23\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"lip-cincher\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU23-vertical-lip-tightener-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"lip cincher (#notFACS): facial movement reference\" class=\"wp-image-7860\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-lip-cincher\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\">lip cincher<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-tag wp-block-paragraph\">#notFACS<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">orbicularis oris, marginal part<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Lip cincher<\/em> constricts the lips toward the midline of the face.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> Lip cincher is not in official FACS. I previously called it <em>vertical lip tightener<\/em>, since FACS lumps it in with AU23. Only horizontal tightening qualifies as <em>lip tightener<\/em> in original FACS. I separate the two because the lips tighten in distinct manners. Orbicularis oris has rich variation in fiber direction, which yields more potential actions than have been documented so far. The distinction is especially useful when breaking down speech.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/viseme-cheat-sheet\/\">Viseme Cheat Sheet \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#lip-cincher\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au24\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU24-lip-presser-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU24 lip presser: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7862\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au24-lip-presser-or-lip-pressor\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU24<\/span> lip presser <span class=\"ftf-cs-alt\">(or \u201clip pressor\u201d)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">orbicularis oris, marginal part<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Lip presser<\/em> presses the top and bottom lips against each other.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details ftf-cs-notes ftf-cs-notes--long is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>Read the full note<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> You may see <em>lip presser<\/em> spelled \u201clip pressor\u201d in many sources. This variation can be attributed to Paul Ekman&#8217;s inconsistent documentation. The <em>FACS Investigator&#8217;s Guide<\/em> from 1978 has one instance of \u201clip pressor\u201d (on page 6, a page ripe with differently spelled FACS actions such as \u201clip tightner\u201d for <em>lip tightener<\/em>, \u201clip puckerer\u201d for <em>lip pucker<\/em>, \u201ccheek puffer\u201d for <em>sharp lip puller<\/em>, and \u201clip suck\u201d for <em>lips suck<\/em>). The official 2002 <em>FACS Manual<\/em> solely uses \u201clip presser.\u201d To further ail the prescriptivist mind, Ekman&#8217;s post-2002 writings (e.g. <em>What the Face Reveals<\/em>, 2005) revert to the 1978 \u201cpressor\u201d spelling. Circa 2020, I asked Ekman&#8217;s prot\u00e9g\u00e9, Erika Rosenberg, whether \u201cpresser\u201d or \u201cpressor\u201d was the canon spelling; her answer was that the spelling mattered less than the attribution of the AU number. The jury is still out, so we&#8217;ll have to wait at the edge of our seats for the next release of the <em>FACS Manual<\/em> to solve this <em>pressing<\/em> matter.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/m-b-p-bilabial-visemes\/\">Lip presser asymmetries in speech: M-B-P Bilabial Visemes \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au24\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au28\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU28-lips-suck-orbicularis-oris-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU28 lips suck: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7887\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au28-lips-suck\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU28<\/span> lips suck<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">orbicularis oris, marginal and peripheral parts<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Lips suck<\/em> draws the lips into the mouth opening and wraps them around the teeth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note 1:<\/strong> <a href=\"#au17\">AU17 chin raiser<\/a> appears during the in-between steps. I cannot perform this action without help from AU17 during the transition to the final pose, and mentalis likely shows up during lips suck for many others as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note 2:<\/strong> <a href=\"#au26\">Jaw drop<\/a> is almost always required for <em>lips suck<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au28\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"jaw\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-section ftf-cs-region\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"h-jaw\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-region-title\">Jaw<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-grid\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<article id=\"au26\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU26-jaw-drop-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU26 jaw drop: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7875\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au26-jaw-drop\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU26<\/span> jaw drop<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">relaxation of masseter, temporalis, and medial pterygoid<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Jaw drop<\/em> lowers the mandible (jaw) in a relaxed (unforced) manner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au26\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au27\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU27-mouth-stretch-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.gif?resize=300%2C300&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU27 mouth stretch: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7881\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au27-mouth-stretch\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU27<\/span> mouth stretch<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">lateral pterygoid and the suprahyoid (anterior digastric, geniohyoid, and mylohyoid)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Mouth stretch<\/em> forcefully lowers the mandible (jaw). Unlike AU26, AU27 is not due to relaxation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details ftf-cs-notes ftf-cs-notes--long is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>Read the full note<\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> Because \u201cmouth\u201d can colloquially refer to the lips and\/or the jaw, <em>mouth stretch<\/em> is easily confused with similarly named actions like <a href=\"#au20\">lip stretcher<\/a>. Watch the naming in toolkits such as ARKit and ICT-FaceKit, both of which renamed AU20 <em>lip stretcher<\/em> as <em>mouth stretch<\/em> (lol). The <em>mouth stretch<\/em> in ARKit and ICT-FaceKit is not the original <em>mouth stretch<\/em> from FACS. It is unfortunate that <em>mouth stretch<\/em> (1) was named so poorly to begin with, and (2) that ARKit and ICT-FaceKit made it worse with name swapping. A more pointed name like \u201cjaw stretch\u201d would have suited it better. Ultimately, it is what it is, so be careful out there.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/arkit-to-facs-cheat-sheet\/\">ARKit to FACS Cheat Sheet \u2192<\/a><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au27\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"ad29\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/jaw-thrust-AD29-FACS.gif?resize=800%2C720&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AD29 jaw thrust: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-8932\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-ad29-jaw-thrust\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AD29<\/span> jaw thrust<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">medial &amp; lateral pterygoid and some masseter<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Jaw thrust<\/em> pushes the mandible (jaw) forward.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> \u201cAD\u201d stands for <a href=\"#descriptors\">action descriptor<\/a>, a less fleshed-out action unit that works more as an event descriptor.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"ad30\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/jaw-sideways-AD30-FACS.gif?resize=800%2C720&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AD30 jaw sideways: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-8936\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-ad30-jaw-sideways\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AD30<\/span> jaw sideways<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">medial &amp; lateral pterygoid and temporalis<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Jaw sideways<\/em> moves the mandible (jaw) to the side (either left or right).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au31\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/jaw-clencher-AU31-FACS.gif?resize=800%2C720&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU31 jaw clencher: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-8917\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au31-jaw-clencher\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU31<\/span> jaw clencher<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">temporalis, masseter, and medial pterygoid<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-action wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Action:<\/strong> <em>Jaw clencher<\/em> brings the mandible (jaw) upward, pressing it against the upper jaw (maxilla).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"misc\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-section ftf-cs-region\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"h-misc\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-region-title\">Misc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-grid\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<article id=\"au21\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU21-neck-tightener-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU21 neck tightener: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7847\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au21-neck-tightener\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU21<\/span> neck tightener<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">platysma<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> You may see some <a href=\"#au20\">AU20 lip stretcher<\/a> in the AU21 <em>neck tightener<\/em> example and vice versa. This is due to the close relationship between the risorius and platysma muscles.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au21\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"au25\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/AU25-lips-part-orbicularis-oris-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.gif?resize=300%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AU25 lips part: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7868\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-au25-lips-part\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AU25<\/span> lips part<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">it depends<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-notes\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> In FACS, AU25 <em>lips part<\/em> refers to the state of the lips being parted. Any action that separates the lips can cause it, e.g. relaxation of mentalis, relaxation of orbicularis oris, or contraction of other muscles.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-links wp-block-paragraph\"><a class=\"ftf-cs-chip\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/#au25\">In the FACS Study Guide \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"descriptors\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-section ftf-cs-region\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"h-action-descriptors\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-region-title\">Action descriptors<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-intro wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cAD\u201d stands for action descriptor. An action descriptor is a less fleshed-out action unit (AU). ADs work more as event descriptors than as single muscle actions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-grid\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<article id=\"ad19\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"974\" height=\"964\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/ad19-tongue-show-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?resize=974%2C964&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AD19 tongue show: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-7835\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/ad19-tongue-show-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?w=974&amp;ssl=1 974w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/ad19-tongue-show-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?resize=300%2C297&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/ad19-tongue-show-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?resize=768%2C760&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/ad19-tongue-show-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?resize=12%2C12&amp;ssl=1 12w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/ad19-tongue-show-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?resize=75%2C75&amp;ssl=1 75w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/ad19-tongue-show-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?resize=505%2C500&amp;ssl=1 505w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/ad19-tongue-show-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?resize=600%2C594&amp;ssl=1 600w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/ad19-tongue-show-FACS-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?resize=100%2C100&amp;ssl=1 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 974px) 100vw, 974px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-ad19-tongue-show\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AD19<\/span> tongue show<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">it depends<\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"ad32\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/lip_bite_al.gif?resize=600%2C338&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AD32 bite: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-9536\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-ad32-bite\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AD32<\/span> bite<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">it depends<\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"ad33\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"680\" height=\"610\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD-33-blow-FACS.png?resize=680%2C610&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AD33 blow: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-9543\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD-33-blow-FACS.png?w=680&amp;ssl=1 680w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD-33-blow-FACS.png?resize=300%2C269&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD-33-blow-FACS.png?resize=13%2C12&amp;ssl=1 13w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD-33-blow-FACS.png?resize=557%2C500&amp;ssl=1 557w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-ad33-blow\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AD33<\/span> blow<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">it depends<\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"ad34\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1054\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/cheekpuff-arkit-facs.gif?resize=1200%2C1054&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AD34 puff: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-10703\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-ad34-puff\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AD34<\/span> puff<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">it depends<\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"ad35\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"722\" height=\"528\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD35-suck-FACS.png?resize=722%2C528&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AD35 suck: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-9545\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD35-suck-FACS.png?w=722&amp;ssl=1 722w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD35-suck-FACS.png?resize=300%2C219&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD35-suck-FACS.png?resize=16%2C12&amp;ssl=1 16w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD35-suck-FACS.png?resize=684%2C500&amp;ssl=1 684w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 722px) 100vw, 722px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-ad35-suck\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AD35<\/span> suck<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">it depends<\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"ad36\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"732\" height=\"572\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD36-bulge-FACS.png?resize=732%2C572&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AD36 bulge: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-9541\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD36-bulge-FACS.png?w=732&amp;ssl=1 732w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD36-bulge-FACS.png?resize=300%2C234&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD36-bulge-FACS.png?resize=15%2C12&amp;ssl=1 15w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD36-bulge-FACS.png?resize=640%2C500&amp;ssl=1 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 732px) 100vw, 732px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-ad36-bulge\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AD36<\/span> bulge<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">it depends<\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n\n\n\n<article id=\"ad37\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-card\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-media\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"722\" height=\"528\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD37-lip-wipe-FACS.png?resize=722%2C528&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"AD37 lip wipe: FACS reference\" class=\"wp-image-9544\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD37-lip-wipe-FACS.png?w=722&amp;ssl=1 722w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD37-lip-wipe-FACS.png?resize=300%2C219&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD37-lip-wipe-FACS.png?resize=16%2C12&amp;ssl=1 16w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/AD37-lip-wipe-FACS.png?resize=684%2C500&amp;ssl=1 684w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 722px) 100vw, 722px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-ad37-lip-wipe\" class=\"wp-block-heading ftf-cs-title\"><span class=\"ftf-cs-code\">AD37<\/span> lip wipe<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-musc wp-block-paragraph\">it depends<\/p>\n<\/div><\/article>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-section ftf-cs-learn\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-eyebrow wp-block-paragraph\">Want it taught, not just referenced?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-course\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-course__kicker wp-block-paragraph\">Course<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 id=\"h-facs-cram-session\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">FACS Cram Session<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-course__text wp-block-paragraph\">A high-density, visually driven FACS intensive. Saves months of research and reference hunting. Designed for rewatch. Built for long-term reference.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button ftf-button-lime\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/services\/lectures-training\/facs-cram-session\/\">Get notified about the next session<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-section\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"h-more-reference-guides\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">More reference guides<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-refs\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-ref\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__title wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-lite-still-fast\/\">FACS Lite: Photos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__text wp-block-paragraph\">A quick FACS reference with photos only.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__tag wp-block-paragraph\">Free<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-ref\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__title wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-study-guide\/\">FACS Study Guide<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__text wp-block-paragraph\">Stills, GIFs, side-by-side comparisons, and in-depth notes for each action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__tag wp-block-paragraph\">Members<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-ref\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__title wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/viseme-cheat-sheet\/\">Viseme Cheat Sheet<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__text wp-block-paragraph\">Viseme and phoneme references for speech and lipsync.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__tag wp-block-paragraph\">Free<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-ref\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__title wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/arkit-to-facs-cheat-sheet\/\">ARKit to FACS Cheat Sheet<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__text wp-block-paragraph\">How ARKit blendshapes translate to FACS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__tag wp-block-paragraph\">Free<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-ref\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__title wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/emoji-facs\/\">Emoji FACS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__text wp-block-paragraph\">Emoji facial expressions mapped to FACS action units and facial muscles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-ref__tag wp-block-paragraph\">Free<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section id=\"cite\" class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-section ftf-cs-cite\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 id=\"h-how-to-cite-this-page\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">How to cite this page<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"ftf-cs-intro wp-block-paragraph\">For citations to track correctly, please refer to the <a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?view_op=view_citation&amp;hl=en&amp;user=P205y6YAAAAJ&amp;citation_for_view=P205y6YAAAAJ:IjCSPb-OGe4C\">official record on Google Scholar<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"ftf-cs-citebox\"><p class=\"ftf-cs-citelabel\">APA<\/p><p class=\"ftf-cs-citetext\" id=\"ftf-cs-apa\">Ozel, M. (2020, February). <em>FACS Cheat Sheet<\/em>. Face the FACS. <a href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-cheat-sheet\/\">https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-cheat-sheet\/<\/a><\/p><p class=\"ftf-cs-citelabel\">BibTeX<\/p><pre class=\"ftf-cs-bib\" id=\"ftf-cs-bib\">@misc{ozel2020facs,\n  author = {Ozel, Melinda},\n  title = {FACS Cheat Sheet},\n  year = {2020},\n  month = feb,\n  howpublished = {\\url{https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-cheat-sheet\/}}\n}<\/pre><div class=\"ftf-cs-citebtns\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"ftf-cs-copy\" data-copy-target=\"ftf-cs-apa\">Copy APA<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"ftf-cs-copy\" data-copy-target=\"ftf-cs-bib\">Copy BibTeX<\/button><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n<section class=\"wp-block-group ftf-cs-section ftf-cs-sources\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 id=\"h-references-amp-further-reading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">References &amp; further reading<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hjortsj\u00f6, C.-H. (1970). <a href=\"https:\/\/ulb-digital.uibk.ac.at\/download\/pdf\/782346.pdf\"><em>Man\u2019s face and mimic language<\/em><\/a>. Studentlitteratur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>de Sanctis Pecora, C. (2020). <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32104039\/\">One21: A novel, customizable injection protocol for treatment of the forehead with IncobotulinumtoxinA<\/a>. <em>Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology<\/em>, <em>13<\/em>, 127\u2013136. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/ccid.s237519\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/ccid.s237519<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., &amp; Hager, J. C. (2002). <em>Facial action coding system<\/em>. Research Nexus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Netter, F. H. (2019). <em>Atlas of human anatomy<\/em> (7th ed.). Elsevier.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Standring, S., &amp; Tubbs, S. R. (2025). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.us.elsevierhealth.com\/grays-anatomy-9780443124785.html\"><em>Gray\u2019s anatomy<\/em><\/a>. Elsevier.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<script>\n(function () {\n  function fallbackCopy(text) {\n    var ta = document.createElement('textarea');\n    ta.value = text;\n    ta.setAttribute('readonly', '');\n    ta.style.position = 'fixed';\n    ta.style.opacity = '0';\n    document.body.appendChild(ta);\n    ta.select();\n    try { document.execCommand('copy'); } catch (e) {}\n    document.body.removeChild(ta);\n  }\n  document.querySelectorAll('.ftf-cs-copy').forEach(function (b) {\n    b.setAttribute('data-label', b.textContent);\n    b.addEventListener('click', function () {\n      var el = document.getElementById(b.getAttribute('data-copy-target'));\n      if (!el) return;\n      var text = el.innerText.trim();\n      var done = function () {\n        b.textContent = 'Copied';\n        setTimeout(function () { b.textContent = b.getAttribute('data-label'); }, 1600);\n      };\n      if (navigator.clipboard) {\n        navigator.clipboard.writeText(text).then(done, function () { fallbackCopy(text); done(); });\n      } else { fallbackCopy(text); done(); }\n    });\n  });\n})();\n\n<\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Das FACS Cheat Sheet ist ein visuelles Nachschlagewerk f\u00fcr das Facial Action Coding System (FACS), das Aktionseinheiten (AUs) und die dazugeh\u00f6rigen Gesichtsmuskeln vorstellt. Entwickelt f\u00fcr Animatoren, Modellierer, Rigger, Bildhauer und Forscher, die sich f\u00fcr FACS und die Gesichtsanatomie interessieren. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":60486633,"featured_media":10731,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_about_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_gallery_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_contact_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_events_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_video_page":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_portfolio_piece":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1736","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.8 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Facial Action Coding System (FACS) Cheat Sheet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn Facial Action Coding System (FACS) action units through reference examples. Made for artists, researchers, and everyone in between.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/de_de\/facs-cheat-sheet\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Facial Action Coding System (FACS) - Cheat Sheet\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A complete set of Facial Action Coding System (FACS) poses and isolated muscle references. For artists, researchers, and everyone in between.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/de_de\/facs-cheat-sheet\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Face the FACS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/facetheFACS\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-11-02T19:10:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/FACS-references-Facial-Action-Coding-System-1024x687.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"687\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@melindaozel\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Gesch\u00e4tzte Lesezeit\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"24\u00a0Minuten\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":[\"WebPage\",\"ItemPage\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/facs-cheat-sheet\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/facs-cheat-sheet\\\/\",\"name\":\"Facial Action Coding System (FACS) Cheat Sheet\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/facs-cheat-sheet\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/facs-cheat-sheet\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/FACS-references-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?fit=2028%2C1360&ssl=1\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-02-20T21:08:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-11-02T19:10:51+00:00\",\"description\":\"Learn Facial Action Coding System (FACS) action units through reference examples. Made for artists, researchers, and everyone in between.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/facs-cheat-sheet\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"de\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/facs-cheat-sheet\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"de\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/facs-cheat-sheet\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/FACS-references-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?fit=2028%2C1360&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/FACS-references-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?fit=2028%2C1360&ssl=1\",\"width\":2028,\"height\":1360,\"caption\":\"FACS references - Facial Action Coding System\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/facs-cheat-sheet\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Facial Action Coding System (FACS) &#8211; Cheat Sheet\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"Face the FACS\",\"description\":\"Facial Expressions in Animation, AI, &amp; Behavior\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/81c6262e1bfca3c71960db5aee204e3f\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"de\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/81c6262e1bfca3c71960db5aee204e3f\",\"name\":\"Melinda Ozel\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"de\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/face-the-FACS-eye-mouth-logo-pixel.webp?fit=225%2C225&ssl=1\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/face-the-FACS-eye-mouth-logo-pixel.webp?fit=225%2C225&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/face-the-FACS-eye-mouth-logo-pixel.webp?fit=225%2C225&ssl=1\",\"width\":225,\"height\":225,\"caption\":\"Melinda Ozel\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/melindaozel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/face-the-FACS-eye-mouth-logo-pixel.webp?fit=225%2C225&ssl=1\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/melindaozel.com\",\"https:\\\/\\\/facebook.com\\\/facetheFACS\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/instagram.com\\\/manicexpression\",\"https:\\\/\\\/linkedin.com\\\/in\\\/melindaozel\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pinterest.com\\\/melindaozel\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/melindaozel\",\"https:\\\/\\\/youtube.com\\\/@facetheFACS\"],\"knowsAbout\":[\"Facial Action Coding System (FACS)\",\"Facial Expression Tracking\",\"Facial Anatomy\",\"Facial Animation\",\"Digital Humans\",\"Audio-to-Expression\",\"Audio-to-Face\",\"Visemes\",\"Lipsync\"],\"jobTitle\":\"Facial Systems Expert, Expression Scientist\",\"numberOfEmployees\":{\"@type\":\"QuantitativeValue\",\"minValue\":\"1\",\"maxValue\":\"10\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Spickzettel f\u00fcr das Facial Action Coding System (FACS)","description":"Lernen Sie die Aktionseinheiten des Facial Action Coding System (FACS) anhand von Referenzbeispielen. F\u00fcr K\u00fcnstler, Forscher und alle, die dazwischen liegen.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/de_de\/facs-cheat-sheet\/","og_locale":"de_DE","og_type":"article","og_title":"Facial Action Coding System (FACS) - Cheat Sheet","og_description":"A complete set of Facial Action Coding System (FACS) poses and isolated muscle references. For artists, researchers, and everyone in between.","og_url":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/de_de\/facs-cheat-sheet\/","og_site_name":"Face the FACS","article_publisher":"https:\/\/facebook.com\/facetheFACS\/","article_modified_time":"2026-11-02T19:10:51+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":687,"url":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/FACS-references-Facial-Action-Coding-System-1024x687.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@melindaozel","twitter_misc":{"Gesch\u00e4tzte Lesezeit":"24\u00a0Minuten"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":["WebPage","ItemPage"],"@id":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-cheat-sheet\/","url":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-cheat-sheet\/","name":"Spickzettel f\u00fcr das Facial Action Coding System (FACS)","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-cheat-sheet\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-cheat-sheet\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/FACS-references-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?fit=2028%2C1360&ssl=1","datePublished":"2020-02-20T21:08:39+00:00","dateModified":"2026-11-02T19:10:51+00:00","description":"Lernen Sie die Aktionseinheiten des Facial Action Coding System (FACS) anhand von Referenzbeispielen. F\u00fcr K\u00fcnstler, Forscher und alle, die dazwischen liegen.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-cheat-sheet\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"de","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-cheat-sheet\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"de","@id":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-cheat-sheet\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/FACS-references-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?fit=2028%2C1360&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/FACS-references-Facial-Action-Coding-System.png?fit=2028%2C1360&ssl=1","width":2028,"height":1360,"caption":"FACS references - Facial Action Coding System"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/facs-cheat-sheet\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Facial Action Coding System (FACS) &#8211; Cheat Sheet"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/","name":"Sich der FACS stellen","description":"Mimik in Animation, KI und Verhalten","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/#\/schema\/person\/81c6262e1bfca3c71960db5aee204e3f"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"de"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/#\/schema\/person\/81c6262e1bfca3c71960db5aee204e3f","name":"Melinda Ozel","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"de","@id":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/face-the-FACS-eye-mouth-logo-pixel.webp?fit=225%2C225&ssl=1","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/face-the-FACS-eye-mouth-logo-pixel.webp?fit=225%2C225&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/face-the-FACS-eye-mouth-logo-pixel.webp?fit=225%2C225&ssl=1","width":225,"height":225,"caption":"Melinda Ozel"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/melindaozel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/face-the-FACS-eye-mouth-logo-pixel.webp?fit=225%2C225&ssl=1"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/melindaozel.com","https:\/\/facebook.com\/facetheFACS\/","https:\/\/instagram.com\/manicexpression","https:\/\/linkedin.com\/in\/melindaozel","https:\/\/pinterest.com\/melindaozel\/","https:\/\/x.com\/melindaozel","https:\/\/youtube.com\/@facetheFACS"],"knowsAbout":["Facial Action Coding System (FACS)","Facial Expression Tracking","Facial Anatomy","Facial Animation","Digital Humans","Audio-to-Expression","Audio-to-Face","Visemes","Lipsync"],"jobTitle":"Facial Systems Expert, Expression Scientist","numberOfEmployees":{"@type":"QuantitativeValue","minValue":"1","maxValue":"10"}}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/de_de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1736","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/de_de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/de_de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/de_de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/60486633"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/de_de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1736"}],"version-history":[{"count":100,"href":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/de_de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1736\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16509,"href":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/de_de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1736\/revisions\/16509"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/de_de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10731"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/melindaozel.com\/de_de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1736"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}